Notes:
- 9th century B.C: Etruscans, Latin, and Greeks move into Italy
- Tiber River middle of the Peninsula- centrally located
Italy and its people:
- Indo-European tribes moved into the Italian peninsula and some settled along the Tiber River creating the city-state known as Rome
- Rome made up the mythical story of Remus and Romulus (Twin brothers who were put to death in a river, taken by a mother wolf, nature always came to take care of the brothers, Romulus killed Remus in adult hood over the location of their city-state, Romulus named the city-state after himself- Rome)
- The Etruscan people, originally from the east, had settled in Northern Italy and influenced early Rome
- Influenced also by the Greeks in the South- learned the alphabet, city-state organization, and gods
Roman Republic:
- originally was a monarchy- based on the Etruscan model with a council of elders called the "Senate"
- 500 BC Romans established a Republic
- Senate was filled with patricians (aristocratic men)
- the plebeians (ordinary citizens) fought for a vote
- each year the Senate elected two rulers, "Consuls," who served a term one year
- Like the Greeks, the Romans would appoint a single dictator in times of war or conflict
Tarquin the Proud:
- was too harsh so the Romans ran him out of town
- influenced their decision of government
- no one person had too much power
- 12 tables or tablets- a set of laws that was created and made public so the aristocrats could not make up laws in order to arrest the ordinary people
- Respublica- people's business
Roman Legion:
- solders wanted to fight for their civilization; they were proud of it
- didn't fight for money
- 5,000 soldiers
- poor farmers would fight with their farmer's equipment
- crucification was a popular punishment at the time
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